Technological Environment Affecting Indian Business Essay Example

Technological Environment Affecting Indian Business Paper As the population relies more and more on mobile phones, additional features were requested. A. High expectation of customers: Technology can change the buying patterns of customers. Customers are the crux whenever a business venture is created. Organizations produce to sell, but if the spending power of the consumers decreases or they become averse to a particular type of product or service, the organization will be affected immensely. It is important therefore, that business leaders are able to gauge he change in tastes and preferences of customers so that they are better prepared for any eventuality. We will write a custom essay sample on Technological Environment Affecting Indian Business specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Technological Environment Affecting Indian Business specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Technological Environment Affecting Indian Business specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer People want better products with superior quality, safer and free from pollution. For all this to be achieved, more investment has to be done on Research and Development. High expectations can pose a challenge as well as opportunities to the business sectors. The most successful and powerful organizations are looked at with hope for the newest and best products and so it completely depends on their work methods to satisfy the customers with good products or lose their faith with bad products. B. Modernization and Arbitration: Technology has resulted in both Modernization and Complexity. Modernization is indicated by a change in peoples food habits, dress habits, speaking styles, tastes, choices, preferences, ideas, values, recreational activities and so on. People in the process of getting them modernized give more importance to science and technology. The scientific and technological inventions have modernized societies in various countries. They have brought about remarkable changes in the whole system of social relationship and installed new ideologies in the place of traditional ones. Arbitration denotes a diffusion of the influence of urban centers to a rural hinterland. It describes the growth of a society in which a major role is played by manufacturing industry. The industry is characterized by heavy, fixed capital investment in plant and building by the application of science to industrial techniques and by mainly large-scale standardized production. Due to technological changes people are trying to upgrade themselves from just agriculture to other options and opportunities. Hence only when a large proportion of inhabitants in an area come to cities arbitration is said to occur. Arbitration has become a world phenomenon today. An unprecedented growth has taken place not only in the number of great cities but also in their size. As a result of industrialization people have started moving towards the metro cities like Bungalow, Achaean and Iambi etc in search of employment. More and more rural areas are thus getting converted in to urban areas to accommodate the moving populations. C. Social Changes: The implementation of technology influences the values of a society by changing expectations and realities. The implementation of technology is also influenced by values. There are (at least) three major, interrelated values that inform, and are informed by, technological innovations: * Mechanistic world view: Viewing the universe as a collection of parts, (like a machine), that can be individually analyzed and understood. This is a form of reductionism that is rare nowadays. However, the neo-mechanistic world view holds that nothing in the universe cannot be understood by the human intellect. Also, while all things are greater than the sum of their parts (e. G. Even if we consider nothing more than the information involved in their combination), in Renville, even this excess must eventually be understood by human intelligence. That is, no divine orbital principle or essence is involved. * Efficiency: A value, originally applied only to machines, but now applied to all aspects of society, so that each element is expected to attain a higher and higher percentage of its maximal possible performance, output, or ability. Social progress: The belief that there is such a thing as social progress, and that, in the main, it is beneficent. Before the Industrial Revolution, and the subsequent explosion of technology, almost all societies believed in a cyclical hero of social movement and, indeed, of all history and the universe. This was, obviously, based on the cyclist of the seasons, and an agricultural economy and societys strong ties to that cyclist. Since much of the world is closer to their agricultural roots, they are still much more amenable to cyclist than progress in history. This brings on with it, some disadvantages too. Though social differences tend to be ironed out, status differences are created by technological advancements in Indian and other developing countries. In India, employees in foreign collaborations are paid more than employees working in local collaborations, though they do the same job in the same field. Moreover, modernization pressurize for more and more Genetically Modified Products over natural products and this several adverse affects like misaligning the natural pathways. It also leads to consolidation Of market towards the companies providing GM products. D. Social Systems: Of particular interest is the knowledge of technology. At this level, technology creates a distinct type of social system, namely, the knowledge society. In the knowledge society, use and transfer of knowledge and information, rather Han manual skill, dominates work and employs the largest portion of labor force. The knowledge worker will have to show why he should be retained, what benefit he can offer to the organization and how he can add value to whatever the organization does. He will have to create new jobs in consultation with his employer. The factories have brought down the prices of commodities, improved their quality and maximized their output. The whole process of production is mechanized. The process of industrialization has affected the nature, character and the growth of economy. It has contributed to the growth of cities or to the process Of arbitration. Development Of transport and immunization has led to the national and international trade on a large scale. The road transport, the train service, the ships and air transport have eased the movement of men and material goods. Post and telegraph, radio and television, newspaper and magazines, wireless has developed a great deal. They have helped the people belonging to different corners of the nation or the world to have regular contacts. The introduction of the factory system of production has turned the agricultural economy into industrial economy. The industrial or the capitalist economy has divided the social organization into two predominant classes- the capitalist class and the working class. These two classes are always at conflict due to mutually opposite interests. A. Productivity and Competition: Most of the organizations today fiercely contest with each other to woo customers. Although, the customer is in a win-win situation and gets many options to choose from, organizations for their part have to be on their toes with all preparedness to counter any marketing or publicity campaigns by the rivals to score over the consumers. If a rival is able to come up with an innovative product or service, other organizations then need to play the thatch-up game and this factor affects business immensely. It is the driving factor behind the technological advancements. In technology the competition is remorseless. In most businesses the competition might be able to do something as well as you and it will remove your excess profit. People will build hotels for instance until everyones returns are inadequate but not until everyones returns are sharply negative. Even in a glutted market a hotel tends to have a reason to exist it still provides useful service. For example, data suggests that during the years since 1991-92, when the Indian software arrives industry and, to an extent, the hardware industry was still in its infancy, there has been one striking structural feature characterizing the sector. Over this 1 7-year period when industry revenues have grown by more than 1 50 times or at a compound rate of 34 per cent per annum, a few firms have routinely dominated the industry. Thus the share of the top 20 firms in the industry throughout the period has fluctuated between 47 and 57 per cent, standing at 55 per cent in 1999-2000 and at 56 per cent in 2006-07. That is concentration as conventionally measured has been high and relatively table. What is more there is evidence that at the core of the industry concentration is in fact increasing. According to the results of Disquiets most recent survey, the share of the Top 20 firms in the revenues of the Top 200, which has been increasing consistently over the last few years, rose sharply from 54 per cent in 2005-06 to 64 per cent in 2006-07, as compared to a rise from 50 to 54 per cent between 2004-05 and 2006-07 (Datasets, July 1 5, 2007). Acquisitions such as that of I-Flex by Oracle and a sudden, sharp 1 36 per cent increase in the revenues of Tech Maidenhair partly explain this rend. But the fact of a high degree of concentration cannot be denied. With the increasing technology requirements of Indian businesses and government along with increased summarization, the Indian technology industry is expected to grow to RSI. 1. 8 trillion by 201 6, a growth of over 2012. Opportunities, the contribution of the Internet economy to the countrys gross domestic product (GAP) is expected to increase from 4. % in 2010 to 5. 6% in 2016, to touch RSI. 1 1 trillion, driven largely by the countrys demographic dividend. Also, the number of billion-dollar Indian companies ill increase from 141 in fiscal year 2010 to more than 700 by 2020, and these firms will require extensive use of technology to remain competitive. This thus, is leading to increased productivity in terms of quality and quantity by the major Indian industries. A number oftentimes factors can affect both true and measured productivity. For example, workers may work harder during periods of high demand and firms may use their capital assets more intensively by running factories for extra shifts; both factors can lead measured productivity to be too high relative to actual technological progress. Similarly, during periods of high demand, productivity can rise because firms take advantage of increasing returns to scale. Technology has brought about increased productivity in almost all sectors Of Indian Economy like Infrastructure, Agriculture, Communication and Information Technology through new techniques and methods. Some of the productivity improving technologies are: Replacing human and animal power with water and wind power, steam, electricity and internal combustion and greatly increasing the use of energy Energy efficiency in the conversion of energy to useful work Infrastructures: canals, railroads, highways and pipelines Mechanization, both production machinery and agricultural machines Work practices and processes: The American system of manufacturing, Tailors or scientific management, mass production, assembly line, modern business enterprise Materials handling: bulk materials, popularization and centralization Scientific agriculture: fertilizers and the green revolution, livestock and poultry management New materials, new process for their production and denationalization. Communications: Telegraph, telephone, radio, titillates, fiber optic neuron and the Internet Home economics: Public water supply, household gas, appliances Automation and process control Computers and software, data processing. B. Need to spend on Research and Development: Research and Development assumes considerable relevance in organizations as technology advances. Firms are required to consider, decide and take action on various issues. In the modern world, superior technologies, resources, geography, and history give rise to robust economies; and in a well-functioning, robust economy, economic excess naturally flows into rater use of technology. Moreover, because technology is such an inseparable part of human society, especially in its economic aspects, funding sources for (new) technological endeavourers are virtually illimitable. However, while in the beginning technological investment involved little more than the time, efforts, and skills of one or a few men, today, such investment may involve the collective labor and skills of many millions. Technology transfer is a complex, time-consuming and costly process, and the successful implementation of such a process demands continuous communication and o-operation between the parties involved. Furthermore, technology transfer cannot be effective if it experiences conflict with the economic and social needs of the people. In spite of the many differences in social, political, cultural, geographic and economic conditions, there are some common characteristics in the technological environments of developing countries. The most common technology transfer from industrialists to developing countries has been in agriculture and health care. As a result of improved health care systems, infant mortality rates have been cut while the incidence f once common diseases such as malaria and typhoid has been reduced in Latin America, south-east Asia and Africa (although the incidents Of the AIDS virus has increased alarmingly). Similarly, agricultural technology has increased agricultural productivity in Brazil, India and elsewhere. However, in most developing countries, technology has made little impact on the productive systems, income distribution and living conditions of the majority of the population. Moreover, as new technology comes in, the old one needs to be abandoned. The process of old replaced by new is called Technological Discontinuity. Such discontinuity occurs when a new technology cannot be used simply to enhance the current technology but actually substitutes for it to yield better performance. The R n D management must determine when to abandon present technology and when to develop or adopt new one. C. Increasing Intellectuality of jobs: With the advent of technology, jobs tend to become more intellectual or upgraded. A job hitherto handled by an illiterate and unskilled worker now requires the services of an educated and component worker. Introduction of new technology dislocates some workers. This makes it obligatory on the part f business houses to retrain its employees and to rehabilitate those displaced and non-trainable. Equal is the responsibly of the government to provide training and educational facilities to its citizens-those who pick up and acquaint themselves with the new technology, the job will be rewarding as they stand to gain through increased productivity, reduced prices and increased real wages. Along with upgrading jobs, technology has its impact on human relations. Since interaction and activity affect sentiments and they begin to feel and think about one another and about their situation. Not only bobs become more intellectual and knowledge-oriented, even the incumbents tended to become highly professional and knowledgeable. D. Unemployment: The problem of unemployment is a concomitant feature of the rapid technological advancement. Machines not only provide employment opportunities for men but they also take away the jobs of men through labor- saving devices. This results in technological unemployment. Labor displacing technologies can generally be classified under mechanization, automation, and process improvement. The first two fundamentally involve transferring tasks from humans to machines. The third monumentally involves the elimination of tasks altogether. Unemployment due to an increment in productivity generates an expectancy that no new jobs, or not enough new jobs, will arise to fill the void. Variants of this argument persist through the present day, as do counter-arguments to it. Average working hours have decreased significantly since the advent of modern efficiency producing technologies and continue to fall as less and less labor is needed to meet demand. The Great Indian Technologies From launching its first satellite to becoming self sufficient in food grain production to entering the nuclear power club, the last 60 years have seen India transform from a poor, struggling country into a modern scientific power that defied global pressure to carve out a place for itself in the field of science and technology Subbed Farm When India became independent, the political leadership -? like the people at large -? had magnificent dreams. They wanted to build a prosperous, modern India casting aside centuries of stagnation, poverty and backwardness. And one of the important facets of this vision was the harnessing of science and technology to deal with the huge economic and social challenges facing the country. In the early years the foundation for a gigantic, state-funded scientific establishment was laid. Scientific research in the Nan-strategic sphere was entrusted to the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (SIR) with its 37 laboratories and over 1 2,000 scientists. Similarly, the Indian Council for Agricultural Research took on the task of addressing problems of increasing agricultural output through its 97 institutes and 45 agricultural universities. -? India was a poor country, ravaged and plundered by colonialism. Yet, precious resources were set aside for all this because there was a vision that science should be put to direct use of society. These investments made 60 years ago have since borne fruit. Unlike any other post-colonial country (barring China) India can boast of one of the worlds largest scientific establishments with personnel to match it. How have these capabilities been put to use? How has the science and technology establishment tackled the halogens? The answers to these questions are not easy because its a mixed bag -? there are some well-known crowning achievements, but there is also a growing sense of unease about some issues where problems are mounting. Five areas can immediately be identified where Indian scientists have made significant strides. Their significance is not that they are fantastic discoveries that changed the world. They are remarkable because they were achieved against all odds, often in international isolation, and working with limited resources.

7 Keys to Magical Business Relationships ( Personal Ones Too!)

7 Keys to Magical Business Relationships ( Personal Ones Too!) The Beginning of a Great Relationship? One of the ways I find great writers for my Executive Resume Writing team at The Essay Expert is to pay attention to the winners of resume writing contests. You might be surprised to learn that resume writing contests even exist – but yes, they most definitely do. And they are a big deal. In fact, three organizations hold these competitions annually: Career Directors International (the TORI Awards), The National Resume Writers’ Association (ROAR Competition), and Career Thought Leaders (Modernize Your Resume Contest). In January, I reached out to one of the award winners – I’ll call her Rebecca – and asked her if she would be interested in joining my team. She is an experienced, highly certified writer and I was impressed by her work. I was thrilled when she replied that she was interested- and even more thrilled with the phone conversation we had about our resume writing strategies and core values. Rebecca was exactly the writer I was looking for. I drew up an agreement which Rebecca promptly signed. I set her up with access to my Dropbox folders where I keep documents with guidelines and processes for writers. And then I got the email. Subject line â€Å"Apologies.† First line of message: â€Å"After reviewing most of the information you shared via Dropbox, I have decided, and must advise you that this is not a good fit for me.† Handling Disappointment My heart sank. I had been so excited to have Rebecca on my team. Were my documents really so complicated that a great writer would decide not to work with me? Had I done something wrong? It took all my learning from my personal growth classes to breathe deeply and stay in conversation. I asked for more information, and heard that she was feeling overwhelmed by the files and processes, but that there was an underlying health issue that was the true reason she needed to take a step back from writing. As I continued asking questions and expressing my concern and care, something remarkable happened. I discovered she suffered from severe headaches, and I suggested an essential oil remedy that I have discovered makes even migraines abate. She purchased a bottle and our conversation became more about natural remedies and other personal topics. I became more interested in her as a human being than I was as a resume writer. We developed a real relationship. Relationship Building Lessons The old me would have given up at â€Å"Apologies.† The more evolved me used some important strategies: Breathe. When I got the upsetting news from Rebecca, I noticed my negative thoughts, told myself things were probably not as bad as I thought, and chose to breathe and trust that things would be okay. I was able to act outside of my â€Å"stinking thinking.† Express truth. I immediately communicated to Rebecca that I was sad to hear she would not be working with me and that I really enjoyed our initial conversation and thought we were aligned on so many things. I let her know I would love to have her on my team! Be curious. I asked Rebecca questions. I wanted to understand her concerns, and she was generous in sharing with me. Offer to talk. One thing I’ve learned is that people can make things up over email and text that seem much less charged when talking by phone. So I offered to have a conversation, and suggested that things might look more complex on paper than they really are. She agreed. Care. This is something that can’t be manufactured. I quickly and genuinely started to care about Rebecca and her health issues, and I was especially excited that I had something to offer that would help her headaches. Follow up. I kept in touch with Rebecca to see how the migraine remedy was helping, and she reported that she went from up to 2 Tylenols/day to zero! We celebrated that together. I also learned about her family and other pursuits in her life. Risk. I took several risks along with way with Rebecca, starting with asking her to continue our relationship after she said â€Å"no.† And then, most recently, I risked asking her if she might be interested in a resume project. Guess what? She said yes. Better than Business I got much more out of my interactions with Rebecca than a new, talented resume writer. I got a new friend. I’m thankful that the migraine remedy worked, which not only created joy in our relationship but also gave her more ability to work! I spoke with her this week to walk her through my processes in a less intimidating manner than they might have appeared in my documentation. And I am looking forward to sending her a project in a week or two. This story is a slice of life from a business person (me) who used to be much less relationship-oriented than I am now. I treasure the relationships I’m building and am inspired to continue creating connections with the people I work with. I’d love to hear your lessons in relationship from your business life. What successes (or failures) have you had and what did you learn? Please leave a comment or use our contact form. Also, if you get headaches or migraines and want a bottle of this magic potion, let me know!

Las Vegas Geology Highlights

Las Vegas Geology Highlights The glittering city of Las Vegas has done all it can to blot out the desert. But the region is a wonderland of natural attractions, too. Start with the Desert The American desert is a world-class destination all by itself, of course. Its such an iconic setting, familiar from Western movies, music videos, and car ads, that it feels like home even the first time you go there. Any place in the desert is special, but there are really noteworthy sites near Las Vegas. As you arrive, look around and drink in the sight of endless stone. Las Vegas Valley is a downdropped basin typical of hundreds in the Basin and Range, the geologic province that extends over all of Nevada and a little beyond it on all sides. Over the last 25 million years or so, the Earths crust here has been stretched in an east-west direction to around 150 percent of its former width, and the surface rocks have broken into strips of mountains running north-south. As a result the hot material beneath has bulged upward, turning Nevada into a high plateau rich in metal ores and geothermal energy. Numerous earthquakes have been recorded there during this century as the areas tectonic activity continues. The high elevation and the upwind barrier of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Range on the west has made the Basin and Range a very dry place, one where the mountains remain bare and settlements sparse. Typical desert landforms- playas, dunes, desert pavement, arroyos, alluvial fans and bajadas- are plentiful, and bedrock outcrops and fault traces are well exposed. Geologists love deserts. Just Add Water Las Vegas was once a small settlement named Bringhurst, but it got its current name from the grasslands (las vegas, the meadows) that once grew in the valley. In the desert, grass represents a shallow water table, and in the Las Vegas Valley grass was a sign of the natural faults that force the water table near the ground surface there. Las Vegas languished as a tiny railroad town, serving the nearby mines, until the Colorado River was dammed to create Lake Mead in the 1930s. The city has also exploited the aquifers beneath the Las Vegas Valley so that even if the city vanished tomorrow, the meadows would not return. The availability of enough water to boat in and fill pools helped turn Las Vegas into the tourist destination it is today. While the Las Vegas Strip makes spectacular playthings out of water, the rest of the city tends to landscape itself in gravel and cactus. The University of Nevada campus here is an elegant example of this approach, and worth a visit just for the grounds. The geology department building has hallways lined with display cases full of excellent rock and mineral specimens, too. Las Vegas Geologic Sites There are many beautiful places to see while youre in town. Three great national parks- Grand Canyon, Zion and Death Valley- are within reach for budget travelers, but let me focus on places nearer Las Vegas. Just west of the city is Red Rock Canyon Conservation Area, a prime destination for rock climbers. But you can just take a slow drive through the colorful formations if you like. One of the geologic highlights is an excellent exposure of the dramatic Keystone Thrust, where ancient crustal motions 65 million years ago shoved great thicknesses of gray limestone on top of younger beds of red sandstone. An hour or so northeast of Las Vegas is Valley of Fire, Nevadas first state park. The geologic setting is similar to Red Rock, but in addition this park features many ancient petroglyphs, rock art left by the local tribes including the mysterious Anasazi. Take my Valley of Fire tour here.About.coms Betsy Malloy has her own photo tour.Heres visitor information for Valley of Fire daytrippers.Try a guided 4WDÂ  of Valley of Fire. Both Red Rock Canyon and Valley of Fire are places that display the Sevier Thrust Belt, a gigantic zone of tectonic upheaval that stretches from the Las Vegas area into Canada. The thrust belt records a continental collision far to the west, on the continents edge, during Cretaceous times about 80 million years ago. There are other places near Las Vegas where you can see its signs. To the north of Las Vegas is the understated Upper Las Vegas Wash, where locals come to get away from it all while geologists come to explore the rich fossil record. Take a visit. To the south, you can take trails down to the Colorado River valley below Hoover Dam. And many more destinations are listed in my Nevada Geology category. Maybe a desert hot spring or an all-terrain vehicle tour is more to your liking. Given all these possibilities, Im about ready to go live there full time myself. PS: Among the people who DO live there amidst the tinsel and the scenery are some righteous salt-of-the-earth types, proud of their small desert towns. After youve had your fill of Las Vegas, why not unwind in a quiet little place like Blue Diamond, Nevada, the town that sheetrock built.

Open office workspace Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Open office workspace - Research Paper Example d as the topic on the authors’ revelations, and in it provide reasons as to why open office workspaces are far from being the popular trend in office design today. In her article Why the open office fails, and a solution, Susan Adams generally feels that the open office is not the best idea for firms yet. She describes her experience with a regional director for Vitra, a furniture company that supplies big companies such as Google, EBay, and Facebook with furniture. The Director revealed that employees spend less than 60% of their time in their offices, and as such, firm owners do not want to waste their resources on unused resources. He, however added that open office workspaces deny privacy, distractions are very common, they reduce concentration, and waste a lot of time (Adams, 2013). Dawn Klingensmith’s article, Open Office Space: How wall-less workspaces can help promote productivity and collaboration- and why some experts are critical provides a more positive side of the debate. Klingesmith states that an office’s physical layout is a reflection of its culture, and that it affects employee health and job satisfaction to a large extent. One advantage provided here is that open workspaces bring together managers and employees, enabling â€Å"coaching in the moment†. In addition, collaboration, group work, and interaction are supported, and collectively, they contribute to an organization’s performance. The article states that offices can be made such that while they are generally open layouts, private unassigned offices can be incorporated as well as private areas which can be used when need be (Klingensmith, 2014). In an article featured on the BBC by Ronald Alsop entitled The Victims of Open Offices are Pushing Back, the case of Microsoft is discussed. Microsoft has come up with office designs that allow for both privacy and collective working. Their offices are made such that they have individual doors, but when the need for an open space emerges,

Apple Inc Business Organization Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Apple Inc Business Organization - Assignment Example Apple Inc. has international operations which are operated from its California based headquarters. The company is headed by a team of top executives who are responsible for making strategic decisions which affect the company’s future operations. The management of the company and its activities are directed by a group of board of directors. The company’s business operations are divided into various functionalities which include consumer electronics arm, personal computers and software and mobile phones. The business activities are effectively designed into design, manufacturing or development, sales and marketing, development and research. Since the company operates in several markets across the world, it has varying levels of management and organizational or business activities.The strategic environment within Apple’s business environment can be analyzed through the application of Porter’s five forces for competitive advantage of a company. According to Po rter (1985, p. 54), the threat of new entrants into the market poses a significant challenge to the competitive of a company. Since Apple operates in many markets across the world, it is evident that the company is challenged by the new companies which arise in these markets and provide products and services similar to those of Apple. Examples of new entrants into the Apple’s business environment include new mobile phone companies, telecommunication service providers and manufactures of computer systems and mobile phones. which comprise of the services and products that the company provides. The threat of new entrants is more significant when these new operators provide services at a cheaper price than a specific company (Porter, 1985, p. 65). The power of buyers who represent the consumers of Apple’s products is a significant force that determines the company’s strategies for competitive advantage. The information and communication industry as well as the mobile phone and telecommunication sector across the world is very dynamic. This means that the needs of consumers change frequently in relation to their tastes and preferences (Porter, 1985, p. 72). It is in this sense that Apple Inc employs a strategic plan that focuses on fulfilling or meeting the needs of consumers. This is because consumers comprise of the most important stakeholder for any business. Hannagan (2009, p. 43) points out that the power of suppliers play a significant role in defining the business strategies that are employed by a company for strategic advantage within the market. The suppliers of Apple’s raw materials determine its success in production and assurance of quality for its electronic, computing and mobile phone products. It is in this sense that the company is mandated to ensure that in all of its markets especially where its production processes are situated has access to suppliers. More importantly the company ensures that it maintains a positive relationship with its suppliers so that it would maintain their loyalty. In this light, the company is able to become strategically competitive within its business environment by producing the best quality of products and services. Hannagan (2009, p. 29) says that the threat of substitute products within a company’

They Raped My Mother Essay Example for Free

They Raped My Mother Essay There is nothing wrong in seeing industrial progress, advancing developments, urbanization, progressive changes on massive structural constructions that mark the sign of a developing society. These rapid changes in our natural landscapes into industrial sites hinted a great leap and obvious progressive revolution that may replace natural landscapes with artificial and machine generated edifices. Forebodingly, the trouble is yet to come. The once fresh, cool and relaxing air was despicably substituted with polluted and poisonous gases that comes from car smoke emissions, manufacturing plant discharges and other causes that is extremely harmful to human’s health. In fact, we don’t have to expansively look far to find the culprits and serve justice at their faces. They are all around us and at one time we may find ourselves dreadfully shamefaced when we tolerate the obvious destruction of our beloved nature. Some third world countries around Asia like Philippines itself, Taiwan, Thailand, Beijing China, Singapore, HongKong, Tokyo Japan, Vietnam, and Brunei has the same problem on all sorts of pollution. Some of these countries like Hong Kong has been fighting back on how to save and recycle used water into usable, safe drinking water again. It is grievously distressing to know that in the cities there is no longer clean air to breathe. Of course, air pollution is the awful by-product in all urban settlements. Our once clear and blue sky now darkens with dusty smog and heavy dirt-loaded fog that proved to be unhealthy to the city’s inhabitants. There are millions of ways to easily pollute the air yet there has been no solution on how to stop this enormously destructive equivalent of progress. Who’s going to pay in this peculiar and yet highly repulsive crime? Who is suffering most from this deceptive brand of freely exercised air destruction? One of the obvious examples of materials that greatly contribute to air pollution were those manufacturing plants that burn plastics. Those simple plastics from refreshment cups, sando bags, transparent water bottles and Expandable Polystyrene (EPS) or better known as styropor causes too much chaos in the nature’s already unbalanced cycle. Reckless burning of these plastics in open dumpsites or on backyards emits harmful gas into the atmosphere that when accumulated for a long time would result into a greenhouse effect. Look what had become to the once fresh and clean waters in the rivers, lakes, brooks, bays, and shores. They are now filled with filthy muck and polluted household cesspools and gross open drainage that flow into the rivers. Whenever there is rain, garbage floats on street ducts and clog the drainage that resulted into flood. Floodwaters frantically inconvenience everybody adding to the gloom of the world that calamities may occur any moment that would endanger people’s lives. Is this the reward we wanted in exchange for industrial revolution? Now what can we do to lessen these drastic environmental changes? We, of all the earth’s species would be most affected by these conditions. Nowadays, climatic changes has been evidently felt with those alarming fall of snow on deserts, those cold northeast monsoon wind blows to tropical regions, those ravaging tsunamis and unexpected eruptions on the earth’s surface, the incessant flooding and landslides all over the regions even with just moderate rainfalls has greatly proven that such changes in nature has warned us that the natural balance has been tipped to an alarming degree. When do we start to care? When do we begin to take notice that our only world is dying because of our grave mistreatment and rabid negligence. Over the century, human lifespan has greatly declined and incurable diseases break the surface with a frightening reality that nothing can be done to treat this curse-like human infirmities. The world has been cloaked with different illness and myriad diseases that causes high mortality rate to humankind. Cancer, tuberculosis, hepatitis, AIDS, E-bola virus, boils, SARS, H1N1 and God knows what are the next worst plagues that could devastate humankind with dirty mutation caused by these extreme imbalances in nature. Are we going to let this special planet die? Are we not going to try to save mother Earth from absolute destruction and preserve mankind? I love this wonderful planet so much and I will start my campaign in saving this world at this very moment. May those who are concerned about our world would start caring by doing simple things like taking care of household garbage, by minimizing the use of electricity to lessen too much release of heat energy, by thinking twice on dumping dirt on rivers, oceans and beaches, by tightening the laws in deforestation, and by urging each and everyone to start caring for our world, for our own lives and for the promise to the next generation that they will still inherit a peaceful and wonderful world when their turn to see the beauty of this planet comes.

The Decline of Family in Modern Britain Essay -- Sociology, Family Val

The Decline of Family in Modern Britain Family- â€Å"a group of people who are related to each other such as a mother, a father and their children â€Å"(Cambridge Dictionaries Online, Cambridge University Press (2008)), Is this the view of a family in 2008, clearly it could be said that this definition is somewhat outdated but does it point to the family being in decline? In Britain today the family has certainly undergone a lot of changes compared to the 1950s where the family was predominately a nuclear family where the man of the household went out to work and the woman stayed at home to cook, clean and look after the children. Today there are a number of ‘new’ structures to a family such as single parent families, reconstituted families and same sex families all of which consider they to be what constitutes a family. But how did these ‘new’ structures come about, to answer this we have to look at the changes the family has undergone in recent years. Divorce is a big influence on the structure of a family as it is today. Divorce is easier to obtain than in previous years with the introduction in 1971 of the Divorce Reform Act that established irretrievable breakdown of marriage as grounds for divorce. Another act was passed in 1984 that allowed married couples to divorce after one year of marriage that ultimately increased the number of divorces. Legal aid is now more accessible and ends in most cases the expense of a divorce. Divorce is also far less stigmatised than previously where the likelihood of knowing someone who is divorced as opposed to not knowing anyone (as in previous years) is rare and on the whole accepte... ...ly has its own structure dependant on who you are and as long as it functions to the best of its ability, it is about change ‘with the times’ rather than decline. Bibliography ------------ Moore, S., Chapman, S. and Aiken, D. (2001) Sociology for AS-Level, Families and Households Topic 2 (1-6): 36-55, London: Collins. New Right and Changes in the Family (Class Handout 07.10.04) Changing Patterns of Marriage and Divorce (Class Handout 21.10.04) Contemporary Changes in the Family (Class Handout 08.10.04) Cambridge Dictionaries Online (accessed 24.10.04) Available: http://dictionary.cambridge.org/results.asp?searchword=family S-cool Student Site As & A2 Level Sociology Family Ideology-Introduction, Type of Family, Diversity and A View from 1950 (accessed 21.10.04) Available: http://www.s-cool.co.uk

Most Powerful Person on Earth Essay

Who are the most powerful people of the world? My fellows from my play group gave me many different answers. What are your answers? Do you think the most powerful persons of the world are: moms and dads? The President? Strong peoples with huge muscles, hefty athletes, or muscular boxers? Kings, princes, and princesses which are richly dressed in ornamented clothing, and have servants? Businessmen that have a lot of money? Friendly teachers with their endless knowledge and smiling faces? I tried to guess your answers. Because, those are also my fellows answers. Most of us have an idea of power that is connected with control or strength, and certainly money. My fellows also think power is in adulthood, in addition to money and strength. But I don’t think the power in money, or strenght or adulthood. Power in not money. Money is temporary; you can make it and lose it. If power is related with money, when we lost our money, we must be lost our power. But if we can make money once, we can make it again. If we have self-assurance, intelligence, and ability to perform effectively, we have the power for making money again. Power is ability of having great influence or control over others. And, it is in bravery, frankness, honesty, and having big dreams. If you have big dreams, and believe in yourself; you can do everything you dreamed of. I have a different opponion about the most powerful people. Moms and dads are struggling for provide you a excellent future. They support, protect, and care for you. When you are ill, they spent sleepless night just beside of you. To most people, approaching the President is nearly impossible. But they show interest to you, especially youngers; they don’t say anything even tear their hairs. Every time, they develop projects for providing you a good education. Teachers use their knowledge for helping you on your life plan. Bussinessmen use their money for building new schools. All of them treat you more tolerant, even the laws. All people around you, your family, relatives, teachers, politicians, struggle for providing you a peaceful, wealthy and excellent life. I bet you guessed my answer. But I think the most powerfull peoples are children. They have the power of convince. Children have great influence and control over adults, and world because of their bravery, frankness, and honesty. With this power, you can change a difficult situation into an opportunity to do something good, and be admired for it. Please aware of your power, and opportunities that it provides you, and make use of it in the way of being a virtuous person for yourself, your family, your country, and the world!

Brief Biography and their Styles

Born in 1905, Christian Dior was a French designer whose destiny to be a fashion designer was in his blood. His grandfather, Louis-Jean Dior, first established the Dior fortune, although it was nothing related to fashion. The grandfather established the business of producing char from oxidized roots and then importing guano from Chile and Peru. The business was then expanded by the cousins Lucien and Maurice Dior, the latter being Christian Dior’s father (Pochna 8). His mother who was the most influential person in his life; he was never interested of his father’s work.Madeleine, his mother, longed for beautiful things to compensate for the â€Å"less appealing nature of her husband’s profession† (Pochna 12). Eventually, Christian studied political science at Paris and created costumes for the annual carnivals back at his hometown. But his journey to success was not smooth sailing. His mother died, the family’s business went broke, and Christian dev eloped tuberculosis. It was only in 1946 when he was given a break to be a designer (â€Å"Christian Dior’s Luck†). The name Christian Dior became one of the top-of-the-line brands in the fashion world.Today, he is known for introducing a collection of feminine clothes with soft rounded shapes, flowing skirts, and nipped-in waists. He envisioned creations that are â€Å"luxurious, exquisite and very womanly. † For this reason, he won the hearts of many women around the world (â€Å"Christian Dior’s Luck†). In addition, Dior is known for creating wonderful dresses called â€Å"Venus† and â€Å"Junon. † Jeanne Lanvin The year 1867 witnessed the birth of another future couturiere. Despite poverty, Jeanne Lanvin rose to being a famous designer. At the young age of 16, she learned how to make hats.Later on, she conducted an on-the-job training at Suzanne Talbot’s fashion house and became a young milliner. Her training taught her the right skills in dressmaking. After a few years, Lanvin set up stalls to sell her hats. Later on, she opened her very own boutique. She became famous among Parisian mothers when she made a dress for her sister and her niece. Lanvin created dresses with charming pleats and trimmed with English embroidery (Sanderson). Lanvin also became famous for the â€Å"robes de style† clothing, characterized with tight waists and full skirts. Her creations were to be the precursors of Christian Dior’s â€Å"New Look† creations.In addition, she was also known for the â€Å"la chemise† dress. This was to become the â€Å"basic silhouette† for the 19th and 20th centuries. In addition, Lanvin was known for intriguing designs, such as her Riviera collection which featured Aztec-inspired embroidery. In 1922, her collection was added with a â€Å"Breton† suit. It consisted of a gathered skirt with a short and braided jacket. The jacket, in turn, has many tiny bu ttons and boasted a white organdy collar. The suit also came with a sailor hat (de Mesterton). Lanvin’s creations were in demand among actresses and royal personalities.Many people liked the way Lanvin designed her creations with embroidery, beading, and use of exotic embellishments. Not only these, but Lanvin also made sure that her dresses were of high quality. Additionally, she believed that women should wear clothes that are colorful and feminine. She created dresses with empire-waists, sleeves that were long and flowing, billowing skirts, and tight waists. She made use of luxurious fabrics in her creations and incorporated ruffles, lace, flowers, beading, and ribbons. The Lanvin style was also known to make use of applique, parallel stitching, and embroidery (de Mesterton).Madeleine Vionnet Madeleine Vionnet was another French designer born on 1876. Just like Lanvin, Vionnet learned from an early age the skills of dressmaking. When she was 11, she became an apprentice of a seamstress. By the age of 19, she became a premiere d’atelier. In 1902, she entered the House of Callot Soeurs and learned to make dresses through â€Å"impeovizational draping. † A few years later, she became a designer at the House of Doucet. This was where Vionnet was inspired to make clothes for uncorsetted bodies (Bissonnette). Vionnet worked for many dressmakers in London and Paris before launching her own house in 1912.She revolutioned the world of fashion when she developed the bias cut, characterized as sleek and graceful style. The bias cut enabled the clothing to cling to the body like a second skin. With this creation, Vionnet became famous, and many people would praise the way she combined geometry and anatomy to her dresses. Vionnet was also known to pay close attention to the medium and fabric she used. Furthermore, Vionnet took advantage of the knowledge that the body is a three-dimensional entity. Thus, she developed techniques such as pleating, twi sting, cutting, tucking, wrapping and looping fabric (Bissonnette).In addition, Vionnet made use of the bias cut by creating garments that did not use corsets and constricting undergarments. She was a popular designer in the 1930s when she introduced garments that sensually cling to the body. These creations were inspired by medieval styles including Greek and Roman. Aside from the famous bias cut, Vionnet was also the mastermind behind the creation of cowl neck, handkerchief dress, and the halter top (â€Å"Vionnet, Madeleine†). Vionnet was different from other designers in such a way that her creations were hard to copy.This was because she was afraid that others would copy her style and sell them cheaply (Condra 124). Victor Stiebel In the fashion world, Victor Stiebel is known for creating romantic evening gowns and flawless tailoring. This was later became Stiebel’s signature as a designer. Born in 1907, Stiebel studied architecture at Cambridge where he designed the costumes for a theatrical presentation. In 1927, the Victoria & Albert had two of Stiebel’s designs. One featured a black and white evening dress in Garconne style. The other one was a black and silver gown with an appliqued snake from hem to bodice (Conekin 147).Two years later, Stiebel trained at Reville where he learned the skills for creating evening garments. Three years was enough for Stiebel to fully learn the necessary skills for haute couture (Conekin 147). He opened his very own house in 1932. Despite the â€Å"diminishing role of the court dressmaker,† Stiebel chose to establish himself along this line. Surprisingly, his creations were acclaimed. Many considered his garments as â€Å"very striking creations. † In addition, the simple evening gowns he made were praised as â€Å"particularly suited to the Englishwoman’s figure.† Stiebel was also famous for cleverly using pleats and draperies that defined the body. His signature was the n known to be the artful use of striped fabrics (Conekin 148). Not only were these Stiebel’s creations that garnered praises from fashion magazines. He was admired for featuring slender cut and floral printed dresses. Specifically, Stiebel created an Empire line dress made from oyster satin which featured a silver-edged train. He also proved to be a resourceful and imaginative designer. He designed clothes that were appropriate for the season (Conekin 148).In 1942, Stiebel, along with other designers, founded the Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers. The organization aimed to represent the interests of London fashion designers. During this time, some of Stiebel’s creations were gown in flowing Grecian styles made of silk jersey. He also designed and created a black gown with ostrich feathers trimmings. Many of his other designs were featured on fashion magazines (Conekin 151). Pauline Trigere Pauline Trigere is another Paris-born designer who rose to fame b ecause of her own style in designing and creating clothes.She migrated to the United States and became an American citizen in the 1940s. She was the daughter of a tailor, and she longed to be a professional in the fashion world. Before opening her own house in 1942, Trigere worked for other design houses in New York. Armed with the skills she learned from her father and from the design houses, she created 11 dresses which her brother sold. Her clothes were sold because the boutiques liked the way Trigere created them (Ward & Ferguson). Her clothes were famously known for being feminine-fitting.Aside from this, the wealthy and famous personalities liked her style of exquisite tailoring. Trigere also made use of very expensive materials, thus driving the prices of her creations higher. One of her famous creations was the wardrobe of Patricia Neal in â€Å"Breakfast at Tiffany’s† (Ward & Ferguson). Trigere is known for many things, one of which is the creation of the firs t reversible coat. Coats were her most recognized garment, and she made various styles. She was also known for creating sleeveless coats and coats featuring detachable scarves. She also included her trademark turtle pins among her clothes (Ward & Ferguson).Additionally, Trigere was known for directly turning sketches into dresses because she herself did not know how to sketch. But this was not a disadvantage for the creative designer. What Trigere did was to â€Å"cut and drape from bolts of fabric† (Nemy 1). Even after death, Trigere is praised by her peers for beingan intellectual designer and creator of timeless fashion (Nemy 1). Works Cited Bissonnette, Anne. 2001. Vionnet. Kent State University Museum. 27 April 2009 . â€Å"Christian Dior’s Luck. † 2007. Articlesbase. 27 April 2009 . Condra, Jill. The Greenwood encyclopedia of clothing through world history. United States: Greenwood Publishing group, 2008. Conekin, Becky. The Englishness of English Dress. E ngland: Berg Publishers, 2002. De Mesterton, M-J. 2008. History of the House of Lanvin. Elegant Survival. 27 April 2009 . Nemy, Enid. 2002. Pauline Trigere, 93, Exemplar of American Styles, Dies. The New York Times. 27 April 2009 .

Pаul Krugmаns Fоr Richеr

PÐ °ul KrugmÐ °ns FÐ ¾r RichÐ µr Free Online Research Papers Th? study ?f th? p?litic?l ?c?n?my ?f ?m?ric? in th? r?c?nt yrs h?s br?ught ?b?ut c?ntr?dict?ry inf?r?nc?s, h?w?v?r ? c?mm?n thrd th?t wv?s thr?ugh th? p?litic?l ?c?n?mics lit?r?tur? is th?t th? rich ?r? g?tting rich?r f?st?r th?n th? pr ?r? g?tting rich?r. P?ul Krugm?n, pr?f?ss?r ?f ?c?n?mics ?t th? Univ?rsity ?f Princ?t?n ?nd th? m?st c?ntr?v?rsi?l p?litic?l ?c?n?mist in ?m?ric? during th?s? yrs, h?s ?ddr?ss?d this hyp?th?sis in ? h?st ?f ?rticl?s in his m?ny bks, n?wsp?p?r ?nd m?g?zin? ?rticl?s ?t ?l. In F?r Rich?r, th? first ?ss?y in ? N?w Y?rk Tim?s s?ri?s ?n cl?ss ?nd cl?ss w?rs in th? Unit?d St?t?s, P?ul Krugm?n invit?s th? rd?r’s ?tt?nti?n t? issu?s th?t th? lib?rt?ri?n ?c?n?mists ?ft?n ign?r? ?r f?il t? r?c?gniz? in th?ir disc?urs?s. H? pr?cl?ims th? dis?ppr?nc? ?f th? middl? cl?ss, illustr?t?s th? incrsing pr?bl?ms ?f inc?m? in?qu?lity ?nd plut?cr?cy, ?nd ?x?min?s th? ?ff?rts by ?c?n?mists ?s w?ll ?s g?v?rnm?nt instituti?ns t? c?ncl cl?ss c?mp?siti?n using st?tistic?l d?t?. Th? shifting p?r?digms ?f c?rp?r?t? ?x?cutiv? ?thics ?nd influ?nc? is y?t ?n?th?r t?pic discuss?d in th? ?ss?y. (Krugm?n, 2002) Whil? Krugm?n’s s?urc?s m?y b? limit?d ?nd ?v?n d?b?t?d, it p?ints t? c?rt?in ?ss?nti?l ?nd cruci?l s?ci?-p?litic?l ?nd ?c?n?mic issu?s pl?guing th? ?m?ric?n s?ci?ty. Th?t th? ?m?ric?ns ?r? pr?s?ntly living in ? n?w Gild?d ?g?, which is ?s ?xtr?v?g?nt ?s th? ?rigin?l, but with ? g?p b?twn th? v?ry rich ?nd th? r?st wid?ning f?st?r th?n ?v?r. Wh?t?v?r b? th? ?ll?g?ti?ns ?n P?ul Krugm?n, it is imp?rt?nt th?t th? issu?s ?r? ?ddr?ss?d ?nd ?ppr?pri?t? msur?s id?ntifi?d f?r th? citiz?ns ?nd g?v?rnm?nt t? ch?ng? th? difficult st?t? ?f things. Krugm?n’s ?n?lysis ?nd ?d?m Smith’s C?nc?pts ?f S?lf-int?r?st ?nd â€Å" Invisibl? H?nd† ?s Krugm?n’s ?bs?rv?ti?ns ?r? ?ss?nti?lly f?cus?d ?n th? individu?l’s grd ?nd s?lf-int?r?st in th? c?pit?list s?ci?ty th?t ?m?ric? is, it w?uld b? w?rthwhil? t? r?l?t? th?s? ?bs?rv?ti?ns with th?s? ?f ?d?m Smith, th? 18th c?ntury phil?s?ph?r ?c?n?mist wh? wr?t? Th? Wlth ?f N?ti?ns, ? t?ur d? f?rc? ?n th? thry ?f c?pit?lism intr?ducing th? c?nc?pt ?f th? â€Å"invisibl? h?nd† th?t lds c?pit?list s?ci?ti?s t? ?c?n?mic ?ffici?ncy. Whil? ?d?m Smith b?li?v?d grtly in th? intrinsic w?rth ?f th? c?pit?lism ?nd s?-c?ll?d â€Å"invisibl? h?nd† ?f th? m?rk?t, h? c?uld f?r?s th? s?lf-int?r?st?d b?h?vi?r ?f busin?ssm?n. ?cc?rding t? Smith, m?ximizing s?lf-int?r?st w?s ? ‘r?ti?n?l’ b?h?vi?r in ?c?n?mics. His ?ft?n qu?t?d ?bs?rv?ti?n fr?m Th? Wlth ?f N?ti?ns : ‘ppl? ?f th? s?m? tr?d? s?ld?m mt t?g?th?r, ?v?n f?r m?rrim?nt ?nd div?rsi?n, but th? c?nv?rs?ti?n ?nds in ? c?nspir?cy ?g?inst th? public, ?r in s?m? c?ntriv?nc? t? r?is? pric?s’  œ imply th?t th? busin?ssm?n ?r? ?lw?ys c?nc?rn?d ?f m?king th?ms?lv?s rich?r, ?v?n if its by h?rming th?ir f?ll?w citiz?ns ?nd th?ir n?ti?n. P?ul Krugm?n’s ?bs?rv?ti?n ?n c?rp?r?t? ?x?cutiv? ?thics ?nd th? st?tistic?l d?t? th?t h? pr?s?nts ?n th? c?nc?ntr?ti?n ?f wlth in ? f?w h?nds in â€Å" F?r Rich?r† f?lls in lin? with ?d?m Smith’s d?scripti?n ?f th? c?pit?list syst?m, which is ?ss?nti?lly pr?p?ll?d by th? s?lf-int?r?st?d b?h?vi?r ?f th? busin?ssm?n. H?w?v?r, ? m?in ?rgum?nt in Th? Wlth ?f N?ti?ns is th?t th? fr c?pit?list m?rk?t, th?ugh smingly chtic ?nd unc?ntr?ll?d, is in rlity str?d t? pr?duc? th? right qu?ntity ?nd r?ng? ?f gds by ? s?-c?ll?d â€Å"invisibl? h?nd.† ?cc?rding t? his thry, in th? ?v?nt ?f ? pr?duct sh?rt?g?, its pric? ris?s, which crt?s th? m?tiv?ti?n f?r its incrs?d pr?ducti?n, thus curing th? sh?rt?g? ultim?t?ly. Th? ‘invisibl? h?nd’ n?t ?nly guid?s pr?ducti?n, but ?ls? guid?s th? pric? ?f th? pr?duct in ? c?mp?titiv? c?pit?list syst?m. Th? incrs?d c?mp?titi?n ?m?ng m?nuf?ctur?rs ?nd th? incrs?d supply w?uld ?v?ntu?lly l?w?r th? pric? ?f th? pr?duct t? its pr?ducti?n c?st, which h? t?rm?d th? â€Å"n?tur?l pric?.† N?n?th?l?ss, Smith w?s c?uti?us ?f th? s?lf-int?r?st ?f busin?ssm?n ?nd insist?d ?g?inst th? f?rm?ti?n ?f m?n?p?li?s. Smith h?ld th?t whil? hum?n m?tiv?s ?r? ?ft?n s?lfish ?nd grdy, th? c?mp?titi?n in th? fr m?rk?t w?uld t?nd t? b?n?fit s?ci?ty ?s ? wh?l? ?nyw?y. Krugm?n’s ?n?lysis ?nd D? T?cqu?vill?’s ‘S?lf-Int?r?st Pr?p?rly Und?rstd’ ?l?xis d? T?cqu?vill? in his bk D?m?cr?cy in ?m?ric? ?ls? ?ddr?ss?d th? issu? ?f s?lf-int?r?st ?f ?m?ric?ns. H?w?v?r Krugm?n’s ?bs?rv?ti?ns diff?r signific?ntly fr?m T?cqu?vill?’s c?nc?pt ?f ‘s?lf int?r?st pr?p?rly und?rstd. T?cqu?vill? d?scrib?d ?m?ric? ?s ? c?mmunity ?f gd S?m?rit?ns, with ppl? p?rsist?ntly h?lping ?n? ?n?th?r. H? ?xpl?ins h?w ?m?ric?ns h?d ?n inn?t? gr?sp ?f th? c?nc?pt ?f ?nlight?n?d s?lf-int?r?st: â€Å"Th? ?m?ric?ns ?nj?y ?xpl?ining ?lm?st ?v?ry ?ct ?f th?ir liv?s ?n th? principl? ?f s?lf-int?r?st pr?p?rly und?rstd.† H? c?ntinu?s t? s?y â€Å"?nlight?n?d s?lf-l?v? c?ntinu?lly lds th?m t? h?lp ?n? ?n?th?r ?nd inclin?s th?m t? d?v?t? frly ? p?rt ?f th?ir tim? ?nd wlthy t? th? w?lf?r? ?f th? st?t?.† (T?cqu?vill?, 1840; pg. 611) T?cqu?vill?’s principl? ?f s?lf-int?r?st pr?p?rly und?rstd sms t? b? in lin? with th? pr?-1970s ?m?ric? pr?s?nt?d by Krugm?n; it’s h?rd t? ?ss?ci?t? th? s?lf –int?r?st ?f m?d?rn c?rp?r?t? ?x?cutiv?s r?p?rt?d by Krugm?n with T?cqu?vill?’s c?nc?pt ?f s?lf int?r?st. Krugm?n’s ?bs?rv?ti?ns sms in lin? with th?t ?f ?d?m Smith, in th?t h? ?ttribut?s th? ?c?n?mic ?chi?v?m?nts ?f th? Unit?d St?t?s t? th? c?nc?ntr?ti?n ?f inc?m? ?t th? t?p, typic?l ?f fr m?rk?t syst?m, h?w?v?r his hyp?th?s?s gs b?y?nd th? â€Å"invisibl? h?nds† ?f th? m?rk?t th?t Smith c?nsid?r?d w?uld b?n?fit th? s?ci?ty. Krugm?n c?nsid?rs th? c?nc?ntr?ti?n ?f wlth ?n th? t?p ?s th? m?in rs?n th?t th? Unit?d St?t?s h?s m?r? p?v?rty ?nd l?w?r lif? ?xp?ct?ncy th?n ?ny ?th?r m?j?r ?dv?nc?d n?ti?n. Th?ugh h? c?nsid?rs th? hyp?th?sis ?f th? ?ff?cts ?f â€Å"gl?b?liz?ti?n†, â€Å"skill-bi?s?d t?chn?l?gic?l ch?ng?,† ?nd â€Å"sup?rst?r† thry, h? c?nclud?s th?t ?xpl?n?ti?ns f?r th? gr?wing in?qu?liti?s ultim?t?ly t? th? â€Å"r?l? ?f s?ci?l n?rms in s?tting limits t? in?qu?lity.† (Krugm?n, 2002) P?ul Krugm?n’s vi?ws in ? w?y c?nfirm ?d?m Smith’s c?uti?n ?f th? grd ?f th? busin?ssm?n, h?w?v?r h? f?ils t? id?ntify th? invisibl? h?nd th?t w?uld guid? th? s?lf-int?r?st t?w?rds th? b?n?fit ?f th? s?ci?ty. Whil? h? ?ss?nti?lly sms t? ?gr with ?d?m Smith’s n?ti?n th?t individu?l’s s?lf int?r?st might indir?ctly pr?m?t? th? int?r?st ?f th? s?ci?ty, h? sugg?sts th? pr?lif?r?ti?n ?f gl?b?l tr?d? ?nd gl?b?liz?ti?n ?f busin?ss, th? ?m?rg?nc? ?f th? n?w ?c?n?my c?upl?d with th? ?bs?nc? ?f s?ci?l n?rms h?v? incrsing sid?lin?d th? ‘invisibl? h?nd’. Krugm?n’s ?ss?y ?ss?nti?lly p?int t? th? nd f?r g?v?rnm?nt?l c?ntr?l by crting ?ff?ctiv? l?ws ?nd th? r?instituti?n ?f ?thic?l n?rms in th? c?rp?r?t? w?rld, s? th?t ?d?m Smith’s m?gic?l â€Å"invisibl? h?nd† will guid? busin?ss?s in th? right dir?cti?n. Th?n c?rp?r?ti?ns ?nd ?x?cutiv?s , whil? trying t? m?k? th?ms?lv?s rich?r, will finish up d?ing things th?t ?r? gd f?r th? wh?l? s?ci ?ty. Research Papers on PÐ °ul KrugmÐ °n’s â€Å"FÐ ¾r RichÐ µr†19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraLifes What IfsStandardized TestingComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductQuebec and CanadaAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeTwilight of the UAWThe Project Managment Office SystemDefinition of Export Quotas

Australian Indigenous People

The argument of Peter Sutton (2001, 13) that the problem of the Aboriginal People arises from a mix of complex factors that are ancient cultural and social and various external forces has been rightly argued. If we observe the history of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander there disadvantage began with them being disposed of their land and then being displaced. The losses of their autonomy, racial discrimination, and poverty’s intergenerational effects have further fuelled their disadvantages (Aboriginal economy & society: Australia at the threshold of colonisation, 2005). There are more often than not various prejudices that have been faced by the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people when they try to rent the home, get services in banks and shops, find a job and do the most common things which every other Australian takes for granted. There are casual relationships that exist with each disadvantage that interrelates to another disadvantage. For example, without their being adequate facilities for studying at home, even with the encouragement from parents, learning would not be an easy task. Education similarly would be difficult for children who are suffering from middle ear troubles or a hearing loss or are malnourished (Macoun, 2011). Health is affected due to there being poor sanitation and housing that is not appropriate. There is often tertiary education which is required for progression to middles and senior positions. Being unemployed and poor lower statistically the self-esteem and increases death, illness and the likelihood of their being imprisonment and arrest, just as poor health effects employability and limits achievement in education.   There has been great suffering that the indigenous people have suffered in the past. It can well be stated that the problems that are faced by the Australian Indigenous people arise today from a complex combination together of the current which, which the time post-conquest, and external impact from factors that are historical, with there being a relevant number of pre-existing ancient, cultural and social factors (Austlii.edu.au, 2016). In Peter Sutton's article, the focus has in general been laid upon only violent conflicts however, these factors do trickle down to various disadvantages that are being faced by the indigenous people today (Sutton, 2001). There are various people for whom the proposition that the disadvantages to the Indigenous people have been caused by factors that are external only, such as colonization, is a fiction that continues to sustain. The defense for this sustaining fiction is that it is not possible for the masses to understand the subtlety that is there behind the truth and it is towards simplistic that they are more inclined towards (Austlii.edu.au, 2016). There has been on the contrary a silence relatively on the complexity of the casual factor, and there has been no acknowledgment of the same. In his 2001 academic paper Peter Sutton’s argument that the violence level and depravity require examining together the various complex factors as mentioned above. His argument is ended with shifts that are significant in the economy and culture of the Aboriginal people. Paul Toohey in his article Peter Sutton has been openly quoted and the differential treatment of the Aboriginal communities and the Aboriginal liberation politics wisdom (Ryan, 2010). The Aboriginal people in the 1960s asserted their right to freedom to vote, movement, accessing of social security at least the minimum level, consumption of alcohol and various other such freedoms. The achievement that resulted has helped close the gap that exists between the status of the Aboriginal as determined by the administrative and legislative action at both State and Commonwealth level on the one hand and citizenship rights on the other hand. This translated into practice as the discriminatory practices' removal by whic h the participation of the Aboriginal people were restricted in the white Australian's civic life (The Politics of Suffering: Indigenous Australia and the end of the liberal consensus, 2010). To take up on the point of Sutton on coming together of various factors that are cultural, there was no or little deep-seated recognition of a difference of values or culture during the liberation politics' mobilization. The distinct cultures and value of the Aboriginal Australia may be marketed by the white Australia in pursuit of national symbolism and gains economically, however, with respect to administrative and political policies, the values of the Aboriginal are considered to be common with that of all the Australians. The gains of the Aboriginal from politics of liberation include them being able to access the white citizenship, internal and institutional assimilationist of practices and policies, incorporatist models. In short being the opportunity to be in the white Australian's lifestyle. Aboriginal economy & society: Australia at the threshold of colonisation. (2005).  Choice Reviews Online, 42(05), pp.42-2891-42-2891. Austlii.edu.au. (2016).  Overcoming Disadvantage. [online] Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/orgs/car/overcoming_disadvantage/pg3.htm [Accessed 4 Aug. 2016]. Macoun, A. (2011). Aboriginality and the Northern Territory Intervention.  Australian Journal of Political Science, 46(3), pp.519-534. Ryan, L. (2010). Rewriting Aboriginal history.  History Australia, 7(3), pp.70.1-70.2. Sutton, P. (2001). The politics of suffering: Indigenous policy in Australia since the 1970s.Anthropological Forum, 11(2), pp.125-173. The Politics of Suffering: Indigenous Australia and the end of the liberal consensus. (2010).  Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 34(5), pp.535-536.

Entrepreneurial Action Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Entrepreneurial Action - Coursework Example Future Plans 10 14. Funding request 10 15. Exit strategies 10 Executive Summary Solo Pasta Restaurant is a pasta restaurant located on Holloway Road 7N. The business is owned by four partners that contributed equally to fund the business. Our aim is to grow the business seeing profits in the first year and build recognition and awareness of the business. Ultimately we plan to expand into other markets. Competition is mainly from fast food eateries i.e. McDonalds and a new business that will compete directly with us. Business Idea Concept Solo Pasta Restaurant will serve a variety of pasta, sauces, vegetables and meat. Our service will be unique in that the customers can design his pasta bowl with whatever they want on the pasta. It will seat forty (40) patrons and employ four (4) employees. The planned target market would be first students, because of the location and working adults, as these are the two groups of people that eat out the most. Solo Pasta will offer a twenty percent ( 20%) discount to college students. Solo Pasta will employ skilled workers that can provide for fast friendly service and produce quality foods. In addition to the pasta dishes, Solo Pasta will offer hot drinks and breakfast baguettes. Mission Solo Pasta Restaurant’s mission is to provide quality products with fast friendly service. ... Objectives Solo Pastas objective is to breakeven or post a profit in the first year of operations. We also want to gain 30% of the targeted markets by the end of the first year of operations. SWOT Analysis Strengths Solo Pasta was first to open at its location and it has already began to develop a loyal clientele. Many of the same customers stop in for coffee or tea and breakfast baguettes day after day, and the same is true of our lunch and dinner clientele. Many of our customers have taken advantage of our promotions of free coffee and twenty percent (20%) student discounts. Financially Solo Pasta is exceeding the breakeven point on a daily basis as of the second month of operation. Furthermore we offer a unique product and service by allow customers to design the contents of their pasta bowls. Solo pasta has above average quality of product and excels in customer service. Additionally our location is a benefit as we are in the heart of north campus and close to the tube on Hollowa y Road. Weaknesses Solo Pasta utilizes no outside funding. This limits the amount that can be spent on advertising. Solo Pasta has a limited number of seating capacity. Presently, Solo Pasta does not offer a carry out service. Opportunities Solo Pasta could seek out investors to increase the amount of funds available for advertising. Solo Pasta could develop a carry out service to increase number of daily customers they could serve. Solo Pasta could run additional promotions to increase sales. Solo Pasta could advertise on local or collegiate television and radio stations. Threats Solo Pasta face a threat from the new restaurant that just opened. The threats posed by the new restaurant, unlike other eateries on Holloway, serve